Simulación del temple en bolas de desgaste de acero

Oscar Zapata-Hernández; Luis A. Reyes; Carlos Camurri; Claudia Carrasco; Nelson F. Garza-Montes-de-Oca; Rafael Colás

doi:10.3989/revmetalm.049

Authors

Oscar Zapata-Hernández Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica
Luis A. Reyes Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica
Carlos Camurri Universidad de Concepción, Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales
Claudia Carrasco Universidad de Concepción, Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales
Nelson F. Garza-Montes-de-Oca Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica
Rafael Colás Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.049

Keywords:

Computer modelling, Heat treatment, Microstructure, Steel

Abstract

The phase transformations of high carbon steel during quenching and equalizing were modelled using commercial computer packages based on the finite element method and the kinetic transformation of steel. The model was used to predict the temperature and microstructural changes taking place within balls of two different sizes that are used for grinding mineral ores. A good correlation between the temperatures measured by inserted thermocouples and those predicted by the model was obtained after modifying the thermal conductivity of the steel within the temperature domain at which mixed phases are present. The phase transformations predicted were confirmed by metallographic analyses.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aldrich, C. (2013). Consumption of steel grinding media in mills – A review. Miner. Eng. 49, 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2013.04.023

Carlone, P., Palazzo, G.S., Pasquino, R. (2010). Finite element analysis of the steel quenching process: Temperature field and solid-solid phase change. Comput. Math. Appl. 59 (1), 585–594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2009.06.006

Camurri, C., Carrasco, C., Dille, J. (2008). Residual stress during heat treatment of steel grinding balls. J. Mater. Process. Tech. 208 (1–3), 450–456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.01.007

Deng, X., Ju, D. (2013). Modeling and simulation of quenching and tempering process in steels. Phys. Proc. 50, 368–374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2013.11.057

Domanski, T., Bokota, A. (2011). Numerical models of hardening phenomena of tools steel base on the TTT and CCT diagrams. Arch. Metall. Mater. 56 (2), 325–344. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-011-0036-6

Durman, R.W. (1988). Progress in abrasion-resistant materials for use in comminution processes. Int. J. Miner. Process. 22 (1–4), 381–399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-7516(88)90074-9

Ferguson, B.L., Li, Z., Freborg, A.M. (2005). Modeling heat treatment of steel parts. Comp. Mater. Sci. 34 (3), 274–281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2005.02.005

Guo, Z., Turner, R., Da Silva, A.D., Sauders, N., Schroeder, F., Cetlin, P.R., Schillé, J.-P. (2013). Introduction of materials modelling into processing simulation. Mater. Sci. Forum 762, 266–276. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.762.266

Krauss, G. (2005). Steels: Processing, structure, and performance, ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio.

Lee, S.J., Lee, Y.K. (2007). Thermodynamic Formula for the Acm temperature of low alloy steels. ISIJ Int. 47 (5), 769–771. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.47.769

Silva, E.P., Pacheco, P.M.C.L., Savi, M.A. (2004). On the thermomechanical coupling in austenite-martensite phase transformation related to the quenching process. Int. J. Solids Struct. 41 (3–4), 1139–1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.09.049

Varela, A., García, A., Zaragoza, S., Mier, J.L., Barbadillo, F., García, L. (2008). Influencia de los tratamientos térmicos en el comportamiento frente al desgaste por abrasión de una fundición de grafito esferoidal obtenida mediante adición de boro. Rev. Metal. 44 (4), 293–298.