Efecto del sistema de apantallamiento de la soldadura y el tiempo de almacenaje de los electrodos en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.140Keywords:
Electrodos recubiertos, Hidrógeno difundido, Método de la glicerina, Soldabilidad, Soldadura en húmedo, Soldadura sumergida en aguaAbstract
El método de desplazamiento de la glicerina se utilizó para determinar el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado. Las muestras se soldaron en aire y en agua con electrodos recubiertos de rutilo. En la primera parte, las se soldaron inmediatamente después de abrir el paquete con los electrodos. Posteriormente, los electrodos se almacenaron en paquetes abiertos en el ambiente de laboratorio durante 3 años. Pasado este tiempo, se realizó la segunda parte de las muestras. Los resultados de las mediciones de la cantidad de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado varió de 32,61 a 39,95 ml/100 g para muestras soldadas al aire y de 51,50 a 61,34 ml/100 g para muestras soldadas en agua. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron utilizando el software Statistica, módulo ANOVA (análisis de varianza de una vía) con un supuesto nivel de validez α=0,05. La normalidad fue verificada por el ensayo Shapiro-Wilk. La homogeneidad de la varianza se verificó mediante el ensayo Levene. En la etapa siguiente, se realizaron análisis post-hoc. El objetivo fue determinar si los promedios son significativamente diferentes. Se utilizaron los ensayos Scheffe, Tukey, NIR Fisher, Newman-Keuls y Duncan. Los posibles cambios en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado, resultante del tiempo de almacenamiento de los electrodos, se determinaron mediante el ensayo “t” de Student. Los resultados del análisis estadístico muestran que el tiempo de almacenamiento de los electrodos no tiene una influencia significativa en el contenido de hidrógeno difundido en el metal depositado, independientemente del sistema de apantallamiento utilizado en la soldadura.
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