Nozzle wear by Marangoni - Induced flow effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.2005.v41.iExtra.1012Keywords:
Continuous casting, Nozzle, Refractory, Marangoni effect, WearAbstract
Nozzle wear during continuous casting process is caused by physical and chemical reasons and also by refractory quality. A post mortem study on a sample of Al2O3 - graphite nozzle with a ZrO2 insert allows to identify the present wear mechanisms. Different cyclic stages are carried out due to recurrent changes of interfacial tension and fluid convection. When the surface tension promote the refractory wetting by the steel, graphite of the nozzle surface is lost. Then, grains of ZrO2 and of Al2O3 are dissolved by slag contact. This type of wear is associated with the Marangoni effect. Light and electronic microscopy was used to observe the refractory structure and by a cathodoluminiscence technique phases transformations under process conditions are determined.
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