Effect of ZrO2 quantity on mechanical properties of ZrO2-reinforced aluminum composites produced by the vacuum infiltration technique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.195Keywords:
Aluminum composite, Microstructure, Mechanical property, Vacuum infiltration, ZrO2Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate the effect of ZrO2 quantity on the Al 2024-based ZrO2-reinforced composite materials produced by using the vacuum infiltration technique, which is reported relatively less often in the literature. ZrO2 was used as the reinforcing element with ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Following the production process, the density of the composite materials was measured, and their microstructures were investigated under the optical microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The study also dealt with the determination of the mechanical properties of the produced composite materials. To this end, hardness measurements were done and cross-breaking strength tests, as well as abrasive wear tests, were conducted. The microstructure analysis revealed that the ZrO2 additive element was partially homogeneously distributed in the composite structure and the wetting between Al 2024 and ZrO2 was successful. Increasing the ZrO2 amounts gave rise to higher density, hardness and wear resistance values. However, cross-breaking strength decreased. To sum up, the results of this study revealed that the ZrO2 reinforcement improved the mechanical properties of Al 2024.
Downloads
References
Abdizadeh, H., Baghchesara, M.A. (2013). Investigation Into The Mechanical Properties And Fracture Behavior Of A356 Aluminum Alloy-Based ZrO2-Particle-Reinforced Metal-Matrix Composites. Mech. Compos. Mater. 49 (5), 571-576. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11029-013-9373-z
Aruna, K., Diwakar, K., Bhargav Kumar, K. (2018). Development and Characterization of AL6061-ZrO2 Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites. IJARCSSE 8 (4), 270-275.
Berger, M., Wiklund, U., Eriksson, M., Engqvist, H., Jacobson, S. (1999). The multilayer effect in abrasion-optimising the combination of hard and tough phases. Surf. Coat. Technol. 116-119 (1138-1144). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00151-6
Candan, E., Ahlatci, H., Çı̈menoğlu, H. (2001). Abrasive wear behaviour of Al-SiC composites produced by pressure infiltration technique. Wear 247 (2), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(00)00499-3
Chong, S.Y., Atkinson, H.V., Jones, H. (1993). Effect of ceramic particle size, melt superheat, impurites and alloy conditions on threshold pressure for infiltration on SiC powder compacts by aluminium-based melts. Mat. Sci. Eng. A 173 (1-2), 233-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(93)90221-Y
Govindan, K., Raghuvaran, J.G.T., Pandian, V. (2017). Weldability Study of LM25/ZrO2 Composites by Using Friction Welding. Revista Matéria 22 (3), e11855. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620170003.0189
Govindan, K., Gowthami, T.R.J. (2019). Mechanical Properties and Metallurgical Characterization of LM25/ZrO2 Composites Fabricated by Stir Casting Method. Revista Matéria 24 (3), e12439. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620190003.0753
Hajizamani, M., Baharvandi, H. (2011). Fabrication and Studying the Mechanical Properties of A356 Alloy Reinforced with Al2O3-10% Vol. ZrO2 Nanoparticles through Stir Casting. AMPC 1 (2), 26-30. https://doi.org/10.4236/ampc.2011.12005
Harish, B.R., Shaik Dawood, A.K., Nagabhushan, A., Pimpale, S., Raja Reddy, C.V. (2016). Comparative Study On Individual And Combined Effects Of Zirconium Dioxide And Graphite Reinforcements On Mechanical Properties Of Al 6061 Composites. Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol. 5 (4), 412-416. https://ijret.org/volumes/2016v05/i16/IJRET20160516090.pdf. https://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0516090
Hasirci, H., Gül, F. (2010). Investigation of abrasive wear behaviours in B4C /Al composites depending on reinforcement volume fraction. SDU Int. Technol. Sci. 2 (1), 15-21. https://acikerisim.isparta.edu.tr/xmlui/handle/123456789/3336.
Hemanth, J. (2011). Fracture behavior of cryogenically solidified aluminum alloy reinforced with Nano-ZrO2 metal matrix composites (CNMMCs). JCEM 2 (8), 110-121. https://academicjournals.org/article/article1379497880_Hemanth.pdf.
Idusuyi, N., Olayinka, John, I. (2019). Dry sliding wear characteristics of aluminium metal matrix composites: A brief overview. J. Mater. Res. Technol. 8 (3), 3338-3346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.04.017
Jebaraj, P.M., Chennakesava Reddy, A. (2000). Simulation and Microstructural Characterization of Zirconia/AA7020 Alloy Particle-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites. 2nd National Conference on Materials and Manufacturing Processes. Hyderabad, India, pp. 134-140. http://jntuhceh.org/web/tutorials/faculty/1144_ZrO-7020.pdf.
Karthikeyan, G., Jinu, G.R. (2015a). Experimental investigation on mechanical and wear Behaviour of Aluminium LM6/ZrO2 composites fabricated by stir casting method. Journal of the Balkan Tribological Association 21 (3), 539-556.
Karthikeyan, G., Jinu, G.R. (2015b). Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Stir Cast LM 25/ZrO2 Metal Matrix Composites. Trans. Famena 39 (4), 89-98. https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=223897.
Karthikeyan G., Jinu, G.R. (2016). Dry sliding wear behavior optimization of stir cast LM6 /ZrO2 composites by response surface methodology analysis. Trans. Can. Soc. Mech. Eng. 40 (3), 351-369. https://doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0026
Lasa, L., Rodriguez-Ibabe, J.M. (2002). Effect of composition and processing route on the wear behaviour of Al-Si alloys. Scripta Mater. 46 (6), 477-481. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(02)00020-9
Madhusudhan, M., Vikram, K.V., Mahesha, K., Chandra Babu, C.K. (2016). Evaluation Of Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of As Cast Aluminium Alloy 7075 and ZRO2 Dispersed Metal Matrix Composites. International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering. Special Issue, 93-99.
Madhusudhan, M., Naveen, G.J., Mahesha, K. (2017). Mechanical Characterization of AA7068-ZrO2 reinforced Metal Matrix Composites. Mater. Today Proc. 4 (2), 3122-3130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.02.196
Mirjavadi, S.S., Alipour, M., Hamouda, A.M.S., Matin, A., Kord, S., Afshari, B.M., Koppad, P.G. (2017). Effect of multi-pass friction stir processing on the microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of AA5083/ZrO2 nanocomposites. J. Alloys Compd. 726, 1262-1273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.084
Modi, O.P. (2001). Two-body abrasion of a cast Al-Cu (2014 Al) alloy-Al2O3 particle composite: influence of heat treatment and abrasion test parameters. Wear 248 (1-2), 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(00)00534-2
Pandiyarajan, R., Maran, P., Marimuthu S., Ganesh, K.C. (2017). Mechanical and tribological behavior of the metal matrix composite AA6061/ZrO2/C. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 31 (10), 4711-4717. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0917-3
Parveen, A., Chauhan, N.R., Suhaib, M. (2019). Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Al-ZrO2 Composites: A Review. In: Advances in Engineering Design. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Prasad A., Gupta S., Tyagi R. (Eds). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6469-3_20
Prasad, C., Rao, K.M. (2016). A Study on Effect of Mechanical Properties Of Al-ZrO2 Composite by Liquid Routing. International Journal of Science Engineering and Advance Technology 4 (4), 189-192.
Pul, M. (2019). Effect of sintering on mechanical property of SiC/B4C reinforced aluminum. Mater. Res. Express. 6 (1), 016541. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aacee1
Radhika, N., Venkata Priyanka, M.L. (2017). Investigation of Adhesive Wear Behaviour Of Zirconia Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite. Int. J. Eng. Sci. Technol. 12 (6), 1685-1696.
Ramachandra, M., Abhishek, A., Siddeshwar, P., Bharathi, V. (2015). Hardness and Wear Resistance of ZrO2 Nano Particle Reinforced Al Nanocomposites Produced by Powder Metallurgy. Proc. Mat. Sci. 10, 212-219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2015.06.043
Rao, P.C.S., Prasad, T., Harish, M. (2017). Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Al 7075-ZrO2 Metal Matrix Composite by using Stir Casting Technique. International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology 6 (4), 377-381.
Ravi Kumar, K., Pridhar, T., Sree Balaji, V.S. (2018). Mechanical properties and characterization of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) and coconut shell ash(CSA) reinforced aluminium (Al 6082) matrix hybrid composite. J. Alloys Compd. 765, 171-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.06.177
Saheb, N., Laoui, T., Daud, A.R., Harun, M., Radiman, S., Yahaya, R. (2001). Influence of Ti addition on wear properties of Al-Si eutectic alloys. Wear 249 (8), 656-662. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00687-1
Sawla, S., Das, S. (2004). Combined effect of reinforcement and heat treatment on the two body abrasive wear of aluminum alloy and aluminum particle composites. Wear 257 (5-6), 555-561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2004.02.001
Singh, M., Mondal, D.P., Das, S. (2006). Abrasive wear response of aluminium alloy-sillimanite particle reinforced composite under low stress condition. Mat. Sci. Eng. A 419 (1-2), 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.11.056
Sun, Y., Baydoğan, M., Çimenoğlu, H. (1999). The effect of deformation before ageing on the wear resistance of an aluminum alloy. Mater. Lett. 38 (3), 221-226. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(98)00162-1
Şimşek, İ. (2019). Investigation of Wear Performance of Different Amounts ZrO2 Reinforced Al-2Gr Matrix Composite Materials Produced by Mechanical Alloying Method. El-Cezerî J. Sci. Eng. 6 (3), 594-605.
Udayashankar, S., Ramamurthy, V.S. (2018). Development and Characterization of Al6061-Zirconium Dioxide Reinforced Particulate Composites. Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol. 7 (12), 128-132. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.15901
Veeresh Kumar, G.B., Rao, C.S.P., Selvaraj, N. (2011). Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Particulate Reinforced Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites -a review. JMMCE 10 (1), 59-91. https://doi.org/10.4236/jmmce.2011.101005
Veeresh Kumar, G.B., Pramod, R., Guna Sekhar, Ch., Pradeep Kumar, G., Bhanumurthy, T. (2019). Investigation of physical, mechanical and tribological properties of Al6061-ZrO2 nano-composites. Heliyon 5 (11), e02858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02858
Yılmaz, O., Buytoz, S. (2011). Abrasive wear of Al2O3-reinforced aluminium-based MMCs. Compos. Sci. Technol. 61 (16), 2381-2392. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00131-2
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International” (CC BY 4.0) License. You may read here the basic information and the legal text of the license. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 License must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the published by the Editor, is not allowed.