Optimisation of the phosphate conversion treatment for generating protective coatings

Authors

  • E. Onofre-Bustamante Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D Facultad de Química Departamento de Metalurgia - Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC
  • A. Olvera Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D Facultad de Química Departamento de Metalurgia
  • A. Barba Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio de Posgrado. Centro de Ingeniería de Superficies y Acabados (CENISA)
  • F. J. Rodríguez Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio D Facultad de Química Departamento de Metalurgia
  • M. Carboneras Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC
  • M. Álvarez Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC
  • M. C. García-Alonso Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas, CENIM, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC
  • M. L. Escudero Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio de Posgrado. Centro de Ingeniería de Superficies y Acabados (CENISA)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.0959

Keywords:

Phosphate, Corrosion, Protection, Adhesion

Abstract


This paper evaluates the phosphate treatment as a chemical conversion treatment (CCT) free of chromium, from the basis of the study of a commercial treatment applied in phosphoric solution at different concentrations (100% and dilutions 1:2, 1:5 and 1:10). The optimum immersion time for the phosphate conversion treatment was established from the evolution over time of the open circuit potential. Protection against corrosion of the conversion layers was evaluated by polarisation resistance and electrochemical impedance measurements. The adhesion to the substrate was evaluated by pull-off tests. Results have shown that the application of an organic coating on the substrate with a previous phosphate treatment in 1:5 dilution (10 min.) increases the corrosion resistance in, at least, one order of magnitude with respect to the non phosphate-coated metal and improves the adhesion to the substrate, since the conversion layer obtained is part of the substrate and the surface generated increases the number and area of active sites.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

[1] G. Zhang, J. Huang, K. Yang y B.C. Zhang, Acta. Metall. Sin. 43 (2007) 1.186-1.192.

[2] B.Y. Jhonson, J. Edington y J. O’Keefe, Mater. Sci. Eng. 361 (2003) 225-231. doi:10.1016/S0921-5093(03)00516-1

[3] F.William, G. O’keefe, J. Mattew y Z. Haifen, Surf. Coat. Technol., 155 (2002) 127-136.

[4] B. Chico, J.C. Galván, D. de la Fuente y M. Morcillo, Prog. Org. Coat. 60 (2007) 45-53. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2007.06.007

[5] A. Decroly y J. P. Petitjean, Surf. Coat. Technol. 194, (2005) 1-9. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.05.012

[6] D. Chidambaram, C. Clayton y R. Halada, Electrochim. Acta 51 (15) (2006) 2.862-2.871.

[7] B.R.W. Hinton, J. Alloys. Comp. 180 (1992) 15-25.

[8] M.G.S. Ferreira, R.G. Duarte, M.F.Montemor y M.P. Simoes, Electrochim. Acta. 49 (2004) 2.927-2.935.

[9] B.R.W. Hinton y L. Wilson, Corros. Sci. 29 (1989) 967-975. doi:10.1016/0010-938X(89)90087-5

[10] C. Wang, F. Jiang y F. Wang, Corros. Sci. 46 (2004) 75-89. doi:10.1016/S0010-938X(03)00135-5

[11] L. Jacobi,Macchia O Ind.Mecánica, 17, (1935) 137-142.

[12] R. R. Tanner,Monthly, Rev. Am. Electroplaters Soc. (1934) 21-29.

[13] M. Thornton-Murray,M. Eng. 85 (1908) 870-882.

[14] T.W. Coslett, British Patent 8, 667, (1906).

[15] T.W. Coslett, British Patent 15, 628, (1908).

[16] T.W. Coslett, British Patent 22, 743, (1909).

[17] T.W. Coslett, British Patent 28, 131, (1909).

[18] L.E. Eckelmann, Chem.Metall. Eng. 21 (1919) 787-790.

[19] W.H. Allen, U.S. Patent 1, 206, 075, (1916).

[20] W.H. Allen, U.S. Patent 1, 311, 726, (1914).

[21] V.M. Darsey y R.R. Tanner, U.S. Patent 1, 887, 967, (1932).

[22] X. Llovensá, R.M. Raurell y S.A. Hodges, Paint Coat. Ind. Mag. (2010) 34-37.

[23] R. Naderi y M. M. Attar, J. Appl. Electrochem. (2009) 2.353-2.358.

[24] R. Naderi y M. M. Attar, Prog. Org. Coat. (2009) 314-320. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2009.08.009

[25] F.J.J. Kellner, K. Schütze,C. Kreutz y S.Virtanen, Surf. Interface Anal. 41 (2009) 911-917. doi:10.1002/sia.3118

[26] Y. Hamlaoui, L. Tifouti y F. Pedraza, Corros. Sci. 51 (2009) 2.455-2.462.

[27] L. Fedrizzi, F. Deflorian, S. Rossi, L. Fambri y P.L. Bonora, Prog. Org. Coat. 42 (2001) 65-74. doi:10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00153-9

[28] T.S.N. Sankara, Rev. Adv.Mater. Sci. 9 (2005) 130-177.

[29] R.Moore y B. Dunham,Met. Finish. 106 (2008) 46-55. doi:10.1016/S0026-0576(08)80259-0

[30] C.G.Munger, Corrosion prevention by protective coatings, Ed. NACE, First edition, Houston, USA, 1984, pp. 87-96.

[31] R.M. Burns yW.W. Bradley, Protective Coatings for Metals, Ed. Reinhold Publishing Co., New York, USA, 1964, pp. 236-380.

[32] N.R. Roobol, Industrial painting principles and practices, Ed. Hanser Gardner Publications, Second edition, Munich, Germany, 1997, pp. 346-420.

[33] N. Bretherton, G. E. Thompson y S. Turgoose, Corros. Sci. 35 (1993) 1.297-1.303.

[34] E. Onofre-Bustamante, M.A. Domínguez- Crespo, J. Genescá-Llongueras, F.J. Rodríguez- Gomez, Surf. Coat. Technol., (2007) 4.666-4.676.

[35] D. B. Freeman, Phosphating and Metal Pretreatment - A Guide to Modern Processes and Practice, Ed. Industrial Press, First edition, New York, USA, 1986, pp. 123-180.

[36] W. Rausch, The Phosphating of Metals, Ed. Finishing Publications, London, England, 1990, pp. 96-123.

[37] C. G. Munger, Corrosion prevention by protective coatings, Ed. Nace, First edition Houston, USA, 1984, pp. 184-256.

[38] V.F. Cunha, G.F. Andrade, C.R. Araujo y T.Matencio, Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 (2006) 2.875-2.884.

[39] J. Genescá, Técnicas electroquímicas para el control y estudio de la corrosión, Ed. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, DF, México, 2002, pp. 45-70.

Downloads

Published

2010-08-30

How to Cite

Onofre-Bustamante, E., Olvera, A., Barba, A., Rodríguez, F. J., Carboneras, M., Álvarez, M., García-Alonso, M. C., & Escudero, M. L. (2010). Optimisation of the phosphate conversion treatment for generating protective coatings. Revista De Metalurgia, 46(4), 360–369. https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.0959

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2