Revisión del proceso siderúrgico de colada continua mediante solidificación rápida. Sistema de dos cilindros de colada conformación

I. Ibarrondo

doi:10.3989/revmetalm.0749

Autores/as

I. Ibarrondo Dto.Física Aplicada I,EUP-(U.P.V)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.0749

Palabras clave:

Fabricación del acero, Colada continua, Solidificación rápida, Aceros al carbono, Inoxidables y eléctricos

Resumen

A la vista de la evolución del mercado siderúrgico mundial, se hace evidente que las instalaciones siderúrgicas deberán desarrollar nuevos procesos siderúrgicos, capaces de producir productos de alta calidad y valor añadido, con menores inversiones de capital, ahorro energético y disminución de emisiones contaminantes. Dentro de este contexto, la tecnología de colada continua por solidificación rápida mediante dos cilindros, se presenta como una de las más interesantes a investigar. En el presente trabajo se realiza una descripción general del proceso de colada continua mediante solidificación rápida así como de sus diferentes etapas; alimentación del sistema y colada, proceso solidificación, etapa de laminación en caliente etc. Se describe, asimismo, mediante modelos matemáticos y físicos, la influencia que, sobre la microestructura, textura, calidad superficial y propiedades mecánicas de los materiales, ejercen los parámetros del proceso de fabricación, con especial mención a la influencia de la rugosidad de los cilindros de colada conformación en el proceso de solidificación. La fabricación de aceros al carbono, inoxidables y chapa magnética puede alcanzarse con inversiones específicas de capital, consumo energético y emisión de agentes contaminantes muy inferiores a los procesos convencionales. Teniendo en consideración todo esto es posible afirmar que este nuevo proceso siderúrgico está llamado a desempeñar un papel importante dentro de los procesos siderúrgicos del siglo XXI.

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